VittSphere ONE Calculators Blog CA Firm CA Prabhakar Kumar · FCA · ICAI 560762
Case lawCBDT Circulars & Instructions › Statutory position — s.144C(2), (4), (5), (12) and (13): the thirty days to object run from receipt, but the officer's one month and the Panel's nine months both run from the END OF THE MONTH, and the two one-month clocks start on different events
CBDT Circulars & InstructionsCuts both wayss.144Cs.144C(2)s.144C(4)s.144C(5)s.144C(12)s.144C(13)s.144C(1)s.144C(3)s.153s.153Bs.153As.153Cs.92CAs.92CA(3)s.253s.253(1)

Statutory position — s.144C(2), (4), (5), (12) and (13): the thirty days to object run from receipt, but the officer's one month and the Panel's nine months both run from the END OF THE MONTH, and the two one-month clocks start on different events

We received a draft order on 12 March. Nobody objected. When was the final order due, and if we had objected, by when must the Dispute Resolution Panel have issued its directions and by when must the officer have given effect to them?

We received a draft order on 12 March. Nobody objected. When was the final order due, and if we had objected, by when must the Dispute Resolution Panel have issued its directions and by when must the officer have given effect to them?

Four clocks, and only one of them runs from a date. Section 144C(2) gives the eligible assessee thirty days "of the receipt by him of the draft order" to file acceptance with the Assessing Officer or objections with the Panel and the Assessing Officer — that one runs from the date of receipt. The other three run from the end of a month, and that is where the counting goes wrong. Section 144C(4): where the assessee accepts or files no objection, "The Assessing Officer shall, notwithstanding anything contained in section 153 or section 153B, pass the assessment order under sub-section (3) within one month from the end of the month in which,— (a) the acceptance is received; or (b) the period of filing of objections under sub-section (2) expires." Section 144C(12): "No direction under sub-section (5) shall be issued after nine months from the end of the month in which the draft order is forwarded to the eligible assessee." Section 144C(13): "Upon receipt of the directions issued under sub-section (5), the Assessing Officer shall, in conformity with the directions, complete, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in section 153 or section 153B, the assessment without providing any further opportunity of being heard to the assessee, within one month from the end of the month in which such direction is received." Note the four different starting EVENTS. The thirty days in (2) start on RECEIPT by the assessee. The nine months in (12) start at the end of the month in which the draft order is FORWARDED — the officer's act of despatch, not the assessee's receipt, so the (2) clock and the (12) clock can start in different months on the same draft order. The one month in (4) starts at the end of the month in which the acceptance is received or the thirty-day period expires. The one month in (13) starts at the end of the month in which the DIRECTION is received by the officer. Both (4) and (13) run notwithstanding s.153 and s.153B.

Decided by the CBDT Circulars & Instructions (Not applicable — statutory text) on 2009-10-01, reported as Section 144C(2), (4), (5), (12) and (13) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, heading "Reference to dispute resolution panel", transcribed from incometaxindia.gov.in/w/section-144c-16 (Year: 2025), and transcribed independently from incometaxindia.gov.in/w/section-144c (Year: 2009), which prints the same four periods in identical terms. It bears on section 144C, section 144C(2), section 144C(4), section 144C(5), section 144C(12), section 144C(13), section 144C(1), section 144C(3), section 153, section 153B, section 153A, section 153C, section 92CA, section 92CA(3), section 253, section 253(1) of the Income Tax Act 1961, in Assessment & Scrutiny, Appeals and How Tax Law Is Read matters.

Still good law. The four periods as stated are current so far as I could establish. They are printed in identical terms on the earliest departmental edition I reached, stamped Year 2009, and on the latest, stamped Year 2025, and no footnote on any of the eight editions read this pass touches any of them. Year 2025 is the most recent edition I reached; I probed no suffix above /w/section-144c-16, so a later amendment cannot be excluded. The one difference between the Year 2009 and Year 2025 editions in these sub-sections — that (4) and (13) now operate notwithstanding s.153 OR s.153B and formerly named s.153 alone — is stated as a difference between editions because I could not source a footnote giving the amending Act or its date. I read no judgment on this pass and make no statement about how s.153 or s.153B interacts with these periods; the library holds that question under CIT v Roca Bathroom Products, Benteler Automotive, Shelf Drilling Ron Tappmeyer and its page on which clock runs.

Why it matters

These are limitation provisions and an order passed outside them is not a late order but a bad one, which is why the library already holds Benteler Automotive on a time-barred s.144C(13) final order, CIT v Roca Bathroom Products on DRP limitation, Shelf Drilling Ron Tappmeyer on the interaction of s.153 with s.144C, and a dedicated page on which clock runs, s.153 or s.144C. This entry supplies the text those pages argue about. The practical value is in three distinctions the wording forces. FIRST, "from the end of the month" is not "from the date". A direction received by the officer on 2 November gives him until 31 December, not until 2 December, because the month runs from 30 November; the drafting gives the officer the balance of the month plus a full month, and a practitioner who counts thirty days from the date will believe an order is time-barred when it is not, or will let a genuinely time-barred order go unchallenged. SECOND, the two one-month clocks in (4) and (13) look identical and start on different events — (4) on the end of the month of acceptance or of expiry of the objection period, (13) on the end of the month in which the Panel's direction is received. They belong to two different branches of the section and can never both be running. THIRD, the nine months in (12) start from the end of the month in which the draft order is FORWARDED, while the thirty days in (2) start from RECEIPT. On a draft order forwarded on 30 September and received on 3 October, the Panel's nine months are counted from 30 September and expire on 30 June, while the assessee's thirty days are counted from 3 October. Two clocks that a reader will assume start together do not.

Binding on the department, not on the assessee or the courts. An assessee may rely on a circular that is beneficial to them.

Not yet CA-verified. This entry was found through the sources listed under the Sources tab, and the summary reflects what those sources say. Nobody has yet read the full judgment and signed it off. Check the source before relying on it.

Read aloud by your device. Press again to stop.

Related

Other authorities on the same sections.
Every authority on the provisions this decision turns on: all 61 on s.153A · all 60 on s.92CA · all 35 on s.144C