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Case law › High Court › P. S. Srijan Height Developers v ACIT
High CourtCuts both waysHigh Courts differs.245s.220(6)s.143(1)s.246A

P. S. Srijan Height Developers v ACIT

The CPC gave me a section 245 intimation saying I had 21 days to respond, then adjusted my whole refund the very next day against a demand for a year that is under appeal. What do I actually get back, and do I get interest?

The Income-tax Act, 1961 was repealed on 1 April 2026. It still governs income earned up to 31 March 2026, and every proceeding about those years however late — assessment, reassessment, rectification, penalty, revision and appeal alike. Income earned from 1 April 2026 is governed by the Income-tax Act, 2025. What changed, and which Act governs your year →

The CPC gave me a section 245 intimation saying I had 21 days to respond, then adjusted my whole refund the very next day against a demand for a year that is under appeal. What do I actually get back, and do I get interest?

You get back everything adjusted in excess of 20 per cent of the disputed demand, but on these facts you get no interest on it. The Calcutta High Court held that adjusting the refund one day after issuing a 21-day section 245 intimation was a clear breach of the power to adjust and an abject violation of the law governing section 245, and directed refund of the excess over 20 per cent within eight weeks — but refused interest because the assessee had waited about two years before coming to court, and refused to touch an earlier adjustment made three years before the writ petition on the ground of laches.

Decided by the High Court (Om Narayan Rai J) on 2026-05-04, reported as WPO 780 of 2025; 2026:CHC-OS:153 (Calcutta High Court, Original Side). It bears on section 245, section 220(6), section 143(1), section 246A of the Income Tax Act 1961, in Refunds, Interest & Condonation, Demand, Recovery & Stay and Appeals matters.

High Courts differ on this point. This judgment expressly disagrees with a Division Bench of another High Court on a point that matters to every assessee facing a refund adjustment while an appeal is pending, and no Supreme Court decision resolves it. The judgment was read. At para 32 the Calcutta High Court set out the Rajasthan High Court's observation in Rajendra Kumar v ACIT that 'Nowhere in the provisions of Section 220(6) of the Income Tax Act, it is specified that the stay application has to be filed. The mandate of Section 220(6) of the Income Tax Act makes it very clear that once an appeal is filed within the time in the prescribed format, the assessee will not be deemed as an assessee-in-default.' At para 34 it held: 'this Court respectfully disagrees with the observations made in Rajendra Kumar (supra) to the limited extent that once an appeal is filed within the time in the prescribed format, the assessee will not be deemed as an assessee-in-default'. On the Calcutta view the assessee must affirmatively seek a stay or object to the s.245 intimation to obtain protection. On the substantive relief the Court held that adjusting the refund one day after issuing a 21-day s.245 intimation was a clear breach and directed refund of everything taken beyond 20 per cent of the disputed demand, but declined interest on it. Both searches returned no later treatment of this judgment itself; the citedby index is empty and a name search returns only earlier orders in the same WPO 780 of 2025.

Why it matters

This is the entry the practitioner needs after Court On Its Own Motion and Jindal Stainless, because it answers the question those do not: what is the remedy. The answer here is restitution of the excess over 20 per cent, not a mere direction to re-do the intimation — but restitution stripped of interest, and stripped altogether as to any adjustment older than three years. Delay is therefore the assessee's real enemy, and the judgment prices it. Three further things make it valuable. First, it is candid that the 20 per cent is a ceiling on adjustment and not a floor on relief: the excess comes back, the 20 per cent stays, and the whole direction is expressly made subject to the outcome of the pending appeal. Second, it takes a position against the Rajasthan High Court in Rajendra Kumar, which the library already carries: the Calcutta High Court respectfully disagreed with the proposition that once an appeal is filed in time the assessee is not in default, reasoning that if that were so section 220(6) would have nothing to operate on and the 20 per cent requirement would be pointless. A practitioner leading Rajendra Kumar in Calcutta must know this. Third, it disposes of two defences the Department now runs routinely — that not responding to the outstanding demand on the portal dashboard forfeits the right to object to a section 245 intimation (rejected: sections 143(1) and 245 operate in distinct fields and at different stages), and that the intimation itself is enough compliance (rejected, following Graphite India, and Northern Coal Fields distinguished). The countervailing point the assessee must face is paragraph 24: where no section 220(6) stay application has been filed at all, the Assessing Officer is 'quite justified' in adjusting, and the vice is only in the manner. So the remedy here is procedural and partial, not a declaration that the demand cannot be recovered.

Binding within that High Court's jurisdiction. Persuasive elsewhere.

Not yet CA-verified. This entry was found through the sources listed under the Sources tab, and the summary reflects what those sources say. Nobody has yet read the full judgment and signed it off. Check the source before relying on it.

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Related

Other authorities on the same sections.
Every authority on the provisions this decision turns on: all 110 on s.143(1) · all 31 on s.246A · all 28 on s.220(6)

Used in these worked examples

Notice situations where this decision carries one of the steps.
A s.154 application refused in three lines, an assessment nobody appealed, and a demand that is now taking next year's refundMy rectification has been rejected as debatable, the assessment is two years old and was never appealed, and the demand is being recovered - what is actually left to me?A refund taken against two disputed demands - one stayed on payment of twenty per cent, the other with the stay application still undecidedThe processing centre has set my refund off against demands for two years that are both under appeal, and recovery of one of them is stayed - could it do that, and what do I do now that the money has gone?