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Case lawIncome-tax Act 2025Chapter VIII › Section 138
Chapter VIIIwas s.80

Section 138 of the Income-tax Act, 2025

Section 138 — Deductions in respect of profits and gains from industrial undertakings or enterprises engaged in infrastructure development, etc. Successor to s.80 of the 1961 Act.

Where this section sits

Section 138 is in Chapter VIII — Deductions to Be Made in Computing Total Income, which runs from section 122 to section 154.

← Section 137  ·  Section 139 →

What this section does

The section preserves a deduction arising under the repealed law. It applies for a tax year where clause (a) the gross total income of an assessee includes profits and gains derived by an undertaking or enterprise from a business referred to in section 80-ia of the Income-tax Act, 1961, and clause (b) the assessee is eligible to claim a deduction from those profits and gains for that tax year under that section, as if that Act had not been repealed. A deduction from those profits and gains is then allowed in computing total income, subject to two conditions: under clause (i) the amount is calculated as per section 80-ia of the 1961 Act, and under clause (ii) the deduction is allowed only for such tax years as would have been allowed under that section, as if that Act had not been repealed.

Why it is there

Infrastructure deductions under the earlier law ran for a fixed number of years, and undertakings part-way through that run would have lost the balance on repeal. The section carries the entitlement across without restating it, so nothing is enlarged and nothing is cut short.

Who it applies to

What this means in practice

Everything of substance sits outside the 2025 Act: eligibility, computation and the number of years all come from section 80-ia of the 1961 Act read as if it had not been repealed, so a claim must be worked and defended on that section's own conditions. The section opens no new deduction, because clause (b) requires the assessee already to be eligible there. And clause (ii) does not restart the count — only the years section 80-ia would still have allowed remain.

An example

Illustrative only, and invented for this page. The figures are chosen to show the rule biting, not taken from any real matter.

A company operating an infrastructure facility was part-way through its section 80-ia deduction period when the Income-tax Act, 1961 was repealed. Section 138 lets it continue for the balance of the years that section would have allowed, computed under that section. It resets nothing, and gives nothing at all to an undertaking that had never become eligible under section 80-ia.

Where you meet this section

In the deduction claimed in the return of an infrastructure undertaking and in the verification of that claim — the supporting working is drawn from the repealed section 80-ia, not from any computation in the 2025 Act.

The words themselves

the deduction under this Act shall be allowed only for such tax years, as would have been allowed under section 80-IA of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (43 of 1961), as if the said Act had not been repealed
Section 138(ii), Income-tax Act, 2025.

What people get wrong

What this replaced

The correspondence is the Income Tax Department’s own, from its comparison utility for the 1961 and 2025 Acts. A renumbering is the easy half; whether the words changed is the half that decides cases.

See the full 1961 to 2025 concordance.

Rules that serve this section

Rules of the Income-tax Rules, 2026 that work section 138. Where the rule’s own heading names the section we say so; the rest are marked on reading the rule, which is our derivation and not the department’s. A rule that serves the section silently and that we have missed will not appear here.

All of them are in the Rules 2026 index.

Circulars of the Board on this section

A circular binds the department, not you and not a court. Every one below was written under the 1961 Act; it reaches this section because the department’s own concordance carries the provision it names to this one.

See every circular and notification on this section, or the circulars index.

Notifications that reach this section

A notification is made under a power the Act gives and, within that power, is law. These too were made under the 1961 Act and are placed here by the department’s concordance.

See every circular and notification on this section, or the notifications index.

Case law carried across

Read this before you rely on it. Every decision below was decided under the Income-tax Act, 1961. It appears here because it is tagged to a 1961 provision that the department’s own mapping carries to section 138. That is an inference we have drawn, not a holding on the new section: where the words changed in the move, the reasoning may not survive. Treat this as the place to start looking, not as authority on the 2025 Act.

Explainers

What this page does not tell you. It does not reproduce the section. Everything above was written from the section’s own text as the Income Tax Department publishes it — the text is here, and nothing here is advice on your facts. Where a figure matters, read the sub-section it comes from.