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Case lawIncome-tax Act 2025Chapter XVIII › Section 384
Chapter XVIIIwas s.245R

Section 384 of the Income-tax Act, 2025

Section 384 — Procedure on receipt of application. Successor to s.245R of the 1961 Act.

Where this section sits

Section 384 is in Chapter XVIII — Appeals Revisions and Alternate Dispute Resolutions, which runs from section 356 to section 389.

← Section 383  ·  Section 385 →

What this section does

Sub-section (1) requires the Board for Advance Rulings, on receiving an application, to send a copy to the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner and call for the relevant records, which are to be returned at the earliest opportunity. Sub-section (2) lets the Board allow or reject the application by order, and sub-section (3) sets out three mandatory rejection grounds — the question is already pending before an income-tax authority, the Appellate Tribunal or any court (except for a resident applicant under section 380(b)(iii)); it involves determination of the fair market value of property; or it relates to a transaction or issue prima facie designed for avoidance of income-tax (except for a resident applicant under section 380(b)(iii) or an applicant under section 380(b)(iv)). Sub-section (4) forbids rejection without an opportunity of being heard and without reasons in the order, and sub-section (5) requires the order to go to the applicant and the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner. Sub-section (6) requires the ruling, where the application is allowed, to be pronounced in writing within six months of receipt of the application, after examining further material; sub-section (7) gives the applicant a hearing before pronouncement if he asks for one, sub-section (8) provides for the signed and certified copy to be sent to the applicant and the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner, and sub-section (9) takes "authorised representative" from section 515(3)(a).

Why it is there

It sets a fixed timetable and a closed list of gateways for advance rulings, so that the Board cannot refuse on grounds of its own choosing and cannot leave an admitted application undecided. The exclusions keep the forum away from valuation disputes, from questions already before another forum, and from arrangements that look like avoidance.

Who it applies to

The figures, and what each one turns on

Read the condition in the same row. A figure quoted without it is a wrong answer with a citation attached.
WhatFigureThe condition on itWhere
Time to pronounce the advance ruling6 monthsFrom the receipt of the application, and only where the application has been allowed under sub-section (2)384(6)

What this means in practice

Time your application against the six-month clock, which runs from receipt of the application and not from the date it is allowed. Before applying, check the three rejection grounds: a question already before an income-tax authority, the Tribunal or a court, a question turning on fair market value, or a transaction that appears designed to avoid tax will be refused — subject to the carve-outs for a resident applicant under section 380(b)(iii) and, for the avoidance ground, an applicant under section 380(b)(iv). You cannot be rejected without a hearing and without reasons in the order, and a hearing before the ruling itself is available only if you ask for it.

An example

Illustrative only, and invented for this page. The figures are chosen to show the rule biting, not taken from any real matter.

A company applies to the Board for Advance Rulings on the taxability of a transaction while the same question is already pending before the Appellate Tribunal in its own case. Sub-section (3)(a) requires the application to be rejected — as does one that involves determination of the fair market value of any property, and one relating to a transaction prima facie designed for the avoidance of income-tax — subject only to the carve-outs for a resident applicant falling under section 380(b)(iii) and, on the avoidance ground, an applicant under section 380(b)(iv). Rejection is not summary: sub-section (4) forbids it without an opportunity of being heard and without reasons in the order. If the application is allowed, the ruling must be pronounced in writing within six months of the receipt of the application — the clock runs from receipt, not from the order allowing it — and a hearing before pronouncement comes only if the applicant asks for one.

Where you meet this section

In the advance ruling proceeding itself: the order of the Board for Advance Rulings allowing or rejecting your application, a copy of which goes to you and to the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner, and then the signed and certified copy of the ruling. Your records are called for from the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner at the outset and are to be returned at the earliest opportunity.

The words themselves

pronounce its advance ruling in writing, on the question specified in the application within six months of the receipt of application
Section 384(6), Income-tax Act, 2025.

What people get wrong

What this replaced

The correspondence is the Income Tax Department’s own, from its comparison utility for the 1961 and 2025 Acts. A renumbering is the easy half; whether the words changed is the half that decides cases.

See the full 1961 to 2025 concordance.

Rules that serve this section

Rules of the Income-tax Rules, 2026 that work section 384. Where the rule’s own heading names the section we say so; the rest are marked on reading the rule, which is our derivation and not the department’s. A rule that serves the section silently and that we have missed will not appear here.

All of them are in the Rules 2026 index.

Case law carried across

Read this before you rely on it. Every decision below was decided under the Income-tax Act, 1961. It appears here because it is tagged to a 1961 provision that the department’s own mapping carries to section 384. That is an inference we have drawn, not a holding on the new section: where the words changed in the move, the reasoning may not survive. Treat this as the place to start looking, not as authority on the 2025 Act.

Explainers

Read with

What this page does not tell you. It does not reproduce the section. Everything above was written from the section’s own text as the Income Tax Department publishes it — the text is here, and nothing here is advice on your facts. Where a figure matters, read the sub-section it comes from.