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Case lawIncome-tax Act 2025Chapter XVIII › Section 362
Chapter XVIIIwas s.253

Section 362 of the Income-tax Act, 2025

Section 362 — Appeals to Appellate Tribunal. Successor to s.253 of the 1961 Act.

Where this section sits

Section 362 is in Chapter XVIII — Appeals Revisions and Alternate Dispute Resolutions, which runs from section 356 to section 389.

← Section 361  ·  Section 363 →

What this section does

Sub-section (1) lists the orders an aggrieved assessee may appeal to the Appellate Tribunal: an order under the Act by a Commissioner (Appeals) or Joint Commissioner (Appeals); an order of a Principal Commissioner or Commissioner under section 332(7), (8) or (9), section 351(2)(ii) or 354(3), under section 377, 439 or 465, or under section 287 amending any such order; an order of a Principal Chief Commissioner or Chief Commissioner or a Principal Director General, Director General, Principal Director or Director under section 377 or 465, or under section 287 amending it; an order of an Assessing Officer under section 270(10) or 279 in pursuance of the directions of the Dispute Resolution Panel; an order of an Assessing Officer under section 270(10) or 279 with the approval of the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner as referred to in section 274(12), or one under section 287 or 288 in respect of it; and an order of an Assessing Officer under section 234(4).

Sub-section (2) allows the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner, if he objects to an order of the Joint Commissioner (Appeals) or Commissioner (Appeals), to direct the Assessing Officer to appeal. Sub-section (3) requires every appeal under sub-section (1) or (2) to be filed within two months from the end of the month in which the order is communicated to the assessee or to the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner.

Sub-section (4) allows the Assessing Officer or the assessee, on receiving notice that the other party has appealed, to file within thirty days of receipt a memorandum of cross-objections, verified in the prescribed manner, against any part of the order even though he has not appealed; it is disposed of as if it were an appeal presented in time. Sub-section (5) allows the Tribunal to admit a late appeal or cross-objection if satisfied there was sufficient cause.

Sub-section (6) requires the appeal to be in the prescribed form, verified as prescribed, and accompanied by a fee graded by total income as computed by the Assessing Officer, with a flat fee where the subject matter is not one measured by income. Sub-section (7) makes a departmental appeal under sub-section (2) and a memorandum of cross-objections free of fee, and sub-section (8) requires a fee of Rs. 500 with an application for stay of demand.

Why it is there

The Tribunal is the last fact-finding forum, and the section defines exactly which orders reach it, from which authorities, and on what terms. Listing the orders rather than giving a general right keeps out those with their own remedy elsewhere, and the cross-objection mechanism lets a party who was content to let an order stand defend the favourable parts once the other side appeals.

Who it applies to

The figures, and what each one turns on

Read the condition in the same row. A figure quoted without it is a wrong answer with a citation attached.
WhatFigureThe condition on itWhere
Time for filing an appealTwo months from the end of the month in which the order is communicatedUnder sub-section (1) or (2); communication to the assessee or to the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner starts the periodSub-section (3)
Time for filing a memorandum of cross-objectionsThirty days of the receipt of the noticeFrom notice that the other party has appealed; available even though the party has not itself appealedSub-section (4)
Appeal fee where total income is Rs. 100000 or lessRs. 500Total income as computed by the Assessing Officer in the case to which the appeal relatesSub-section (6)(a)
Appeal fee where total income is more than Rs. 100000 but not more than Rs. 200000Rs. 1500Total income computed as aforesaidSub-section (6)(b)
Appeal fee where total income is more than Rs. 2000001% of the assessed income, subject to a maximum of Rs. 10000Total income computed as aforesaidSub-section (6)(c)
Appeal fee where the subject matter is not covered by clauses (a) to (c)Rs. 500Where the subject matter relates to any matter other than those in clauses (a), (b) and (c)Sub-section (6)(d)
Fee for an application for stay of demandRs. 500Payable with the applicationSub-section (8)

What this means in practice

The limitation is not thirty days from the order: sub-section (3) gives two months counted from the end of the month in which the order was communicated, so the date of communication and the month end both matter. Sub-section (4) is the provision most often lost by inaction — a respondent has thirty days from receipt of the notice of the other side's appeal to raise a cross-objection against any part of the order, and once filed it is disposed of as an appeal in its own right. The fee under sub-section (6)(c) is capped at Rs. 10000 however large the assessed income, and clause (d) supplies a flat Rs. 500 for appeals not measured by income, which covers an exclusion order under section 234(4) or a registration order under section 332 or 351. Sub-section (5) is a discretion, not a right. And a departmental appeal is not filed by the Principal Commissioner himself; he directs the Assessing Officer to file it.

An example

Illustrative only, and invented for this page. The figures are chosen to show the rule biting, not taken from any real matter.

An assessee whose assessed income is Rs. 40 lakh receives a Commissioner (Appeals) order communicated on 12 March. The appeal is due by 31 May, two months from the end of March, and the fee is Rs. 10000, being the cap on 1% of assessed income. If the Department appeals instead and he receives notice of it on 5 June, he may file a memorandum of cross-objections against any part of the same order by 5 July, and pays no fee for it.

Where you meet this section

This is the section under which the appeal memorandum to the Appellate Tribunal is drawn, in the prescribed form and with the prescribed fee, and it governs the notice a respondent receives telling him the other side has appealed. A stay application against a demand pending the appeal is filed under sub-section (8).

The words themselves

Every appeal under sub-section (1) or (2) shall be filed within two months from the end of the month in which the order sought to be appealed against is communicated to the assessee or to the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner.
Section 362(3), Income-tax Act, 2025.
an amount equal to 1% of the assessed income, subject to a maximum of Rs. 10000
Section 362(6)(c), Income-tax Act, 2025.

What people get wrong

What this replaced

The correspondence is the Income Tax Department’s own, from its comparison utility for the 1961 and 2025 Acts. A renumbering is the easy half; whether the words changed is the half that decides cases.

See the full 1961 to 2025 concordance.

Rules that serve this section

Rules of the Income-tax Rules, 2026 that work section 362. Where the rule’s own heading names the section we say so; the rest are marked on reading the rule, which is our derivation and not the department’s. A rule that serves the section silently and that we have missed will not appear here.

All of them are in the Rules 2026 index.

Case law carried across

Read this before you rely on it. Every decision below was decided under the Income-tax Act, 1961. It appears here because it is tagged to a 1961 provision that the department’s own mapping carries to section 362. That is an inference we have drawn, not a holding on the new section: where the words changed in the move, the reasoning may not survive. Treat this as the place to start looking, not as authority on the 2025 Act.

Explainers

Read with

What this page does not tell you. It does not reproduce the section. Everything above was written from the section’s own text as the Income Tax Department publishes it — the text is here, and nothing here is advice on your facts. Where a figure matters, read the sub-section it comes from.