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Case lawIncome-tax Act 2025Chapter XIV › Section 243
Chapter XIVwas s.120, s.124, s.127

Section 243 of the Income-tax Act, 2025

Section 243 — Power to transfer cases. Successor to s.120, s.124, s.127 of the 1961 Act.

Where this section sits

Section 243 is in Chapter XIV — Tax Administration, which runs from section 236 to section 261.

← Section 242  ·  Section 244 →

What this section does

Sub-section (1) gives the specified income-tax authority power to transfer any case from one or more Assessing Officers subordinate to him, whether or not with concurrent jurisdiction, to any other Assessing Officer or Officers also subordinate to him.

Sub-section (2) covers a transfer between officers who are not subordinate to the same specified income-tax authority. Where the concerned authorities agree, the order may be passed by the authority from whose jurisdiction the case is transferred; where they do not agree, the order may be passed by the Board or by such specified income-tax authority as the Board may notify.

Sub-section (3) requires the order of transfer under sub-section (1) or (2) to be passed after giving the assessee a reasonable opportunity of being heard, wherever it is possible to do so, and after recording reasons. Sub-section (4) removes that requirement where the transfer is between Assessing Officers whose offices are all situated in the same city, locality or place.

Sub-section (5) allows a transfer at any stage of the proceedings and provides that it is not necessary to re-issue any notice already issued by the transferring Assessing Officer. Sub-section (6) defines "case", for sections 241 and 243, as all proceedings under the Act in respect of any year pending on the date of the order or direction or completed on or before that date, and also all proceedings under the Act commenced after that date in respect of any year. Sub-section (7) defines "specified income-tax authority" for sections 241, 242 and 243 as the Principal Director General, Director General, Principal Chief Commissioner, Chief Commissioner, Principal Commissioner or Commissioner.

Why it is there

Jurisdiction over an assessee is administrative, and a case sometimes has to move — to the officer holding a group's other cases, to a search or central charge, or simply on a redistribution of work. The section allows that without restarting the proceedings, and the hearing and reasons requirement in sub-section (3) is the check that stops it being used to move an assessee for no stated purpose.

Who it applies to

What this means in practice

Two features decide most objections. The opportunity of being heard and the recording of reasons under sub-section (3) are qualified by "wherever it is possible to do so" — and are removed altogether by sub-section (4) where the offices of all the officers involved are in the same city, locality or place, so an intra-city transfer needs no hearing. The definition of "case" in sub-section (6) is wide in time in both directions: a transfer carries away not only pending proceedings but also proceedings already completed on or before the date of the order and any proceedings commenced afterwards for any year, so it is not confined to the year under assessment. Under sub-section (5) the transfer can happen mid-proceeding and nothing already issued has to be re-issued, so a notice served by the transferring officer remains good in the hands of the transferee.

An example

Illustrative only, and invented for this page. The figures are chosen to show the rule biting, not taken from any real matter.

A Principal Commissioner transfers an individual's case from an Assessing Officer in one city to an Assessing Officer in another city, both subordinate to him. Because the offices are not in the same city, sub-section (4) does not apply, so under sub-section (3) the assessee must be given a reasonable opportunity of being heard wherever possible and the reasons must be recorded. Once the order is passed, sub-section (5) means the notice already issued by the first officer need not be re-issued, and under sub-section (6) the transfer carries the assessee's completed and future proceedings for any year as well as the pending one.

Where you meet this section

You meet it as an order of transfer served on you, usually before or during an assessment, naming the new Assessing Officer — and you may first meet it in a show cause letter proposing the transfer and inviting objections under sub-section (3).

The words themselves

after giving the assessee a reasonable opportunity of being heard, wherever it is possible to do so and after recording his reasons therefor
Section 243(3), Income-tax Act, 2025.
the offices of all such officers are situated in the same city, locality or place
Section 243(4), Income-tax Act, 2025.
it shall not be necessary to re-issue any notice already issued by the Assessing Officer or Assessing Officers from whom the case is transferred
Section 243(5), Income-tax Act, 2025.

What people get wrong

What this replaced

The correspondence is the Income Tax Department’s own, from its comparison utility for the 1961 and 2025 Acts. A renumbering is the easy half; whether the words changed is the half that decides cases.

See the full 1961 to 2025 concordance.

Notifications that reach this section

A notification is made under a power the Act gives and, within that power, is law. These too were made under the 1961 Act and are placed here by the department’s concordance.

See every circular and notification on this section, or the notifications index.

Case law carried across

Read this before you rely on it. Every decision below was decided under the Income-tax Act, 1961. It appears here because it is tagged to a 1961 provision that the department’s own mapping carries to section 243. That is an inference we have drawn, not a holding on the new section: where the words changed in the move, the reasoning may not survive. Treat this as the place to start looking, not as authority on the 2025 Act.

Read with

What this page does not tell you. It does not reproduce the section. Everything above was written from the section’s own text as the Income Tax Department publishes it — the text is here, and nothing here is advice on your facts. Where a figure matters, read the sub-section it comes from.