VittSphere ONE Calculators Blog CA Prabhakar Kumar · FCA · ICAI 560762
Case lawIncome-tax Act 2025Chapter XIX › Section 429
Chapter XIXwas s.234G

Section 429 of the Income-tax Act, 2025

Section 429 — Fee for default relating to statement or certificate. Successor to s.234G of the 1961 Act.

Where this section sits

Section 429 is in Chapter XIX — Collection and Recovery of Tax, which runs from section 390 to section 430.

← Section 428  ·  Section 430 →

What this section does

Sub-section (1) imposes a fee, without prejudice to the other provisions of the Act, in two cases. Clause (a) covers a research association, University, college or other institution referred to in section 45(3)(a), or a company referred to in section 45(3)(b), that fails to deliver the documents prescribed in section 45(4)(a) within the time prescribed there, or to furnish a certificate as may be prescribed under that provision. Clause (b) covers an institution or fund that fails to deliver a statement under section 354(1)(e) within the time prescribed, or to furnish a certificate as may be prescribed under section 354(1)(g). In either case the person is liable to pay, by way of fee, Rs. 200 for every day during which the failure continues.

Sub-section (2) limits and times the fee: it shall not exceed the amount in respect of which the failure has occurred, and it shall be paid before delivering the statement or before furnishing the certificate referred to in sub-section (1).

Why it is there

The statements and certificates in sections 45 and 354 are what allow a donor's or payer's claim to be verified, so a delay frustrates the reporting system rather than the filer. A daily fee running until the default is cured presses for compliance without a penalty proceeding, and the cap keeps it proportionate to the amount that went unreported.

Who it applies to

The figures, and what each one turns on

Read the condition in the same row. A figure quoted without it is a wrong answer with a citation attached.
WhatFigureThe condition on itWhere
Rate of feeRs. 200 for every day during which the failure continuesFailure to deliver the prescribed documents or statement within the prescribed time, or to furnish the prescribed certificate, under section 45(4)(a) or section 354(1)(e) and (g)Sub-section (1), closing words
Cap on the feeNot exceeding the amount in respect of which the failure has occurredApplies to the aggregate fee computed at Rs. 200 per daySub-section (2)(a)
When the fee must be paidBefore delivering the statement or furnishing the certificateApplies to the statement or certificate referred to in sub-section (1)Sub-section (2)(b)

What this means in practice

The fee runs per day until the failure ends, so its size is a function of delay. The ceiling is measured against the amount in respect of which the failure occurred — not against the fee and not against income — so a small unreported amount limits the fee even after a long delay. The practical condition is clause (b): the fee must be paid before the statement is delivered or the certificate furnished, so curing the default means settling the fee first. "Without prejudice to the provisions of this Act" means paying it does not displace any other consequence.

An example

Illustrative only, and invented for this page. The figures are chosen to show the rule biting, not taken from any real matter.

An institution required to deliver the statement under section 354(1)(e) delivers it 60 days late. The fee is Rs. 200 a day for 60 days, that is Rs. 12000, payable before the statement is delivered. If the amount in respect of which the failure occurred is only Rs. 9000, sub-section (2)(a) caps the fee at Rs. 9000.

Where you meet this section

You meet this section at the point of curing a late filing: the fee has to be paid before the statement under section 354(1)(e) or the documents under section 45(4)(a) can be delivered, or the certificate furnished. It is payable by the reporting institution or company, not by a donor or payee.

The words themselves

it shall be liable to pay, by way of fee, a sum of Rs. 200 for every day during which the failure continues
Section 429(1), Income-tax Act, 2025.
not exceed the amount in respect of which the failure referred to therein has occurred
Section 429(2)(a), Income-tax Act, 2025.
be paid before delivering or causing to be delivered the statement or before furnishing the certificate referred to in sub-section (1)
Section 429(2)(b), Income-tax Act, 2025.

What people get wrong

What this replaced

The correspondence is the Income Tax Department’s own, from its comparison utility for the 1961 and 2025 Acts. A renumbering is the easy half; whether the words changed is the half that decides cases.

See the full 1961 to 2025 concordance.

Case law carried across

Read this before you rely on it. Every decision below was decided under the Income-tax Act, 1961. It appears here because it is tagged to a 1961 provision that the department’s own mapping carries to section 429. That is an inference we have drawn, not a holding on the new section: where the words changed in the move, the reasoning may not survive. Treat this as the place to start looking, not as authority on the 2025 Act.

Explainers

Read with

What this page does not tell you. It does not reproduce the section. Everything above was written from the section’s own text as the Income Tax Department publishes it — the text is here, and nothing here is advice on your facts. Where a figure matters, read the sub-section it comes from.